Economic development of countries who experienced transition processes from autocratic regimes\r\nto democracy and the catching up of EU developed countries need to radical reform the\r\ninstitutional framework. The institutional quality can promote or inhibit development processes,\r\nespecially in the countries that faced deep political, institutional and economic reforms and crises.\r\nThis article intends to study the role and importance of institutions in the development process of\r\nRomania and other central and eastern EU countries and to identify the characteristics of the\r\ninstitutional framework exerting a stronger influence on the development. With this purpose we\r\nused data and information form different sources: World Bank statistics and reports, World\r\nEconomic Forum Reports, reports of Legatum Institutes from London, scientific studies etc. We\r\nconsidered as useful the analysis of the nature and intensity of connection between institutional\r\nquality and the synthetic indicators of development. Romania and Bulgaria occupy the last two\r\nplaces in terms of development among the 27 EU member states, but they also register the lowest\r\nvalues for institutional quality. The quality of the institutional framework is strongly dependent on\r\naspects such as: property rights (including intellectual property), illegal payments and bribe, the\r\nindependence of justice, the efficiency of the legal framework, the quality of political leadership, the\r\ncapacity of economic and social actors to exert pressure to eliminate and change inadequate\r\ninstitutions, the quality of the connection between institutions and the organizations that are meant\r\nto supervise it.
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